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Typhoon Mary, also nicknamed "Bloody Mary" by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC),〔 was an extremely damaging storm that was part of the 1960 Pacific typhoon season. It began as a circulation in a trough in the South China Sea. A tropical depression formed on June 2, as it was traveling clockwise. It became a tropical storm on the next day, and received the name ''Mary''. It slowly moved across the sea, strengthening to a typhoon. Mary made landfall in Hong Kong on June 8, and moved through Guangdong and Fujian. It reemerged back to the Pacific Ocean, and restrengthened into a typhoon temporarily. It then traveled east, weakening and becoming extratropical on June 12. Mary caused a significant amount of damage in Hong Kong and China. It was considered the worst storm to hit Hong Kong since the typhoon in 1937. The storm destroyed weak shacks made by refugees from the mainland, leaving thousands homeless. There were multiple landslides, and most of the infrastructure were damaged. More than 400 small watercraft were either damaged or destroyed. In China, dikes and dams were damaged severely, multiple public buildings collapsed, and destroyed large swaths of farmland. Significant wind and rain was also reported in Taiwan. More than 1,600 people died during the storm. ==Meteorological history== In early June, a trough extended from Taiwan to the South China Sea, and a small circulation was found at the southwestern part of it.〔 The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) designated the system as a tropical depression on June 2, with a pressure reading of . JTWC reported it had winds of during that time.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/1960/1960s-bwp/bwp031960.txt )〕 On the next day at 1200 UTC, JTWC began tracking the storm as a tropical depression. The system was upgraded to a tropical storm at 1800 UTC, with winds of ,〔 and was given the name ''Mary'' by the warning center.〔 By 1800 UTC of June 4, Mary slowly began turning northward near the Paracel Islands, and had intensified slightly to .〔〔 On June 5, JMA recorded Mary's lowest pressure reading at .〔 Two days later, the storm had intensified to , and was traveling faster towards Hong Kong.〔 On June 7, at 0600 UTC, Mary quickly strengthened to a typhoon, with winds up to . Mary peaked at 0600 UTC on June 8, just offshore of Hong Kong, with winds of 150 km/h (90 mph),〔 and JTWC estimated the pressure was . Twelve hours later, the storm made landfall on Hong Kong northwest of Kowloon.〔 Inland, the typhoon slowly weakened to by June 10, back to a tropical storm. The system gained speed as it traveled through Guangdong and Fujian provinces.〔〔 Mary soon reemerged back to the ocean later than day, began restrengthening,〔 and was found to have winds, recorded by the U.S. Navy. The storm briefly became a typhoon at 1800 UTC,〔 and reconnaissance aircraft recorded winds just above typhoon strength, although the circulation did not have eyewalls.〔 It was downgraded to a tropical storm on June 11 at 1200 UTC.〔 Another reconnaissance aircraft flew into Mary again at 2330 UTC, reporting that there was no eyewall in the storm and recorded winds up to .〔 Mary continued to weaken until June 12, when JTWC and JMA declared the storm had become extratropical southeast of Tokyo.〔〔 JMA continued to track the extratropical cyclone until it reached the International Date Line on June 18.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Typhoon Mary (1960)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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